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原标题：两件国礼，见证了一个伟大倡议的诞生｜习主席的国礼故事②在中央礼品文物管理中心，一套哈萨克斯坦民族服装和一尊印尼镶锡瓷塑舞者摆放在同一个展柜里。

二 | 这两件国礼来自相隔万里的不同国家，因为一个伟大倡议而被共同写入了历史。

三 | 哈萨克斯坦民族服装（左）和印尼镶锡瓷塑舞者（右）。    

    A humanoid robot takes part in a simulated firefighting mission during the 2nd World Humanoid Robot Games in a real fire brigade in Beijing on August 16, 2026. Photo：Li Hao/ GT
The firefighting final of the emergency management category at the 2nd World Humanoid Robot Games (WHRG) was held on Sunday in Beijing, putting 23 teams through a simulated rescue operation designed to test whether humanoid robots can move beyond demonstrations and perform practical tasks in complex real-world environments.
The event comes as Chinese humanoid robots, long known for eye-catching abilities such as running, dancing and music playing, are pushed toward practical applications, including jobs that are dangerous for humans such as emergency rescue.
Unlike the first edition of the WHRG last year, according to the organization committee, this year's scenario-based events emphasize "realistic simulation," with the firefighting competition being held at a fire brigade rather than in a model-room setup. 
The competition simulated a firefighting assignment that required each of the 23 robots to complete three tasks within 30 minutes: identify hazardous materials, shut off valves and operate a fire extinguisher. For the first task, robots had to identify two randomly placed simulated hazardous substances and report their types to judges through returned images. They then had to locate three randomly selected open valves of different types and shut them off before identifying a fire source, finding a fire extinguisher and spraying it until the fire was put out.
Human firefighters were also involved in the event, lighting the fire and observing whether the robots carried out the extinguisher operation correctly.
The competition, however, showed how difficult it remains for robots to perform reliably outside controlled laboratory conditions.
Rain affected the competition, while changes in lighting and the outdoor environments added uncertainty to the robots' visual recognition and manipulation tasks. A team from UniX AI, a company well-known for its robot applications on real-world scenarios and has just raised a new round of 300 million yuan ($ 44.49 million) in late March, completed its run within the allotted time, but its robot moved relatively slowly compared to human firefighters' real practice. When operating the fire extinguisher, its robotic hand had to make two attempts to align with the target.
Of 12 teams competed on Sunday, three finished the challenge. 
Yang Liqi, a representative of the UniX AI team, told the Global Times that the firefighting scenario placed higher demands on both the robot's recognition and manipulation capabilities.
"Rain and lighting conditions can affect the robot, and actual situations are often different from what we simulate in the laboratory," Yang said, noting that this was also one reason why a number of teams were unable to complete their runs on Sunday morning.
The team had programmed the robot to make up to three attempts when operating the extinguisher. "If it sees white smoke after the first attempt, it will not make a second attempt," Yang said.
The difficulty was not simply that whether the robot could move its arm. Humanoid robots rely on different types of joints for different tasks: small, high-precision joints enable delicate hand operations, while high-torque, reliable joints support movement and balance.
A failure at any point of actions and detection could affect the final result. This is precisely where the value of real-world competitions lies, Jin Chenran, a representative of the Tiangong team whose robot only accomplished one of the three tasks, told the Global Times.
"Whether the competition goes smoothly or not, that is the significance of a real-world simulation. Every real-world failure is valuable data that helps humanoid robots toward practical application," Jin said.
Jin further explained that questions like why the robot failed to recognize an object and how its motion-planning system selected the wrong path... Such data can subsequently be used to improve algorithms and train AI models.
The competition also offered a glimpse into the current transitional stage of humanoid robot technology. At the venue, some team members were wearing VR headsets and remotely adjusting their robots shortly before their runs.
Some humanoid robots were seen using omnidirectional wheels instead of feet, while their hands featured multiple joints to enable more precise manipulation. Many teams chose China-developed UBTECH's joint modules for their robots. Its servo actuators cover a wide torque range from 0.2Nm to 200Nm, allowing robots to combine dexterity with strength. Meanwhile, VR teleoperation gives operators a first-person view through the robot's cameras, enabling them to remotely guide movements in real time.
The event comes amid a broader push in China to move humanoid robots and embodied intelligence from laboratories and competition arenas into real production and daily-life environments. In June, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the other departments launched a special program for humanoid robots and embodied intelligence that encouraged applications in practical fields including emergency rescue.
Zhao Weidong, deputy director of the organizing committee office, told the Global Times that the scenario-based competitions are intended to test the progress of humanoid robots from "competition performance" toward "real operational work," including whether they can eventually become intelligent partners for firefighters.
"At present, many simulations of actual operations may still be at an early stage," Zhao said. "But these are an important starting point for enabling robots to truly assist humans in real-world environments, as well as an important source of data and testing."
The ultimate goal, Zhao said, is to push robots into fields where human operations are dangerous and achieve genuine "human-robot complementarity."
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四 | （摄影/胡杨）2013年9月7日，哈萨克斯坦纳扎尔巴耶夫大学主会议厅人头攒动。面对近300名听众，中国国家主席习近平的声音温和而坚定：“我们可以用创新的合作模式，共同建设‘丝绸之路经济带’。”2013年9月7日，国家主席习近平在哈萨克斯坦纳扎尔巴耶夫大学发表题为《弘扬人民友谊 共创美好未来》的重要演讲。新华社记者 王晔 摄时任哈萨克斯坦总统纳扎尔巴耶夫第一时间回应：“中国好，哈萨克斯坦就好。哈萨克斯坦希望搭上中国经济发展的快车，愿同中方就各自发展战略加强协调，实现共同发展。”自此，哈萨克斯坦多了一个新身份：“一带一路”首倡地。在那次出访中，习近平获赠一套哈萨克斯坦民族服装。在哈萨克斯坦，赠送民族服装是最高礼仪，寓意一家亲。习近平收到的这套服装是丝绒质地，衣领两侧和兜肩背处都绣有精美的金色图饰，散发着哈萨克族独特的艺术魅力。2013年9月，时任哈萨克斯坦总统纳扎尔巴耶夫赠习近平的哈萨克斯坦民族服装。（摄影/胡杨）这是中哈两国共谋发展的“同袍之谊”。演讲次日，纳扎尔巴耶夫主动提议乘坐中方专机，陪同习近平飞赴阿拉木图。

五 | 下了飞机，两位元首在阿拉木图麦迪奥自然公园举行“庭院会晤”，远眺雄伟的天山山脉，共同擘画美好愿景：使两国共同的边界线成为友谊合作的纽带。

六 | 彼时，万里之遥的印度尼西亚，也在积极准备迎接习近平的到访。2013年10月3日，习近平在印尼国会发表了一场重要演讲，“千余人的大厅座无虚席，同声传译耳机供不应求”。2013年10月3日，国家主席习近平在印度尼西亚国会发表题为《携手建设中国－东盟命运共同体》的重要演讲。新华社记者 王晔 摄在众人热切注视下，习近平说：“东南亚地区自古以来就是‘海上丝绸之路’的重要枢纽，中国愿同东盟国家加强海上合作，使用好中国政府设立的中国—东盟海上合作基金，发展好海洋合作伙伴关系，共同建设21世纪‘海上丝绸之路’。”话音刚落，全场掌声如潮。

七 | “习主席是‘一带一路’伟大筑梦者！”忆及那场演讲，时任印尼国会议长马祖基连声赞叹。访问印尼期间，习近平收到了一份别具民族风情的国礼——镶锡瓷塑舞者，展现的是一名身着印尼传统“巴迪克”蜡染服饰、跳着迎宾舞的美丽少女。有意思的是，镶锡和瓷塑都是中国传统工艺，经古代海上丝绸之路传入印尼。虽然何时传入已无从考证，但当地代代相传的手艺让人们对中印尼交往的历史细节充满遐想。9年来，共建“一带一路”让哈萨克斯坦和印度尼西亚的不少地方改变了旧模样。以前，哈萨克斯坦没有出海口。加入“一带一路”，哈萨克斯坦就有了直通太平洋的“出海口”。很多哈萨克斯坦产品通过中欧班列，从中国连云港出海，打开了海外销路。

八 | 来自日韩等国的产品也经中欧班列在哈萨克斯坦中转，出口至中亚、东欧，大大降低了运输成本。2017年6月8日，在阿斯塔纳专项世博会中国国家馆，中哈亚欧跨境运输视频连线仪式举行。习近平和纳扎尔巴耶夫共同推动操控杆。

九 | 主会场大屏幕上，中哈连云港物流合作基地和“霍尔果斯-东大门”经济特区无水港两个分会场，4列火车鸣笛开行，整个基地沸腾了。“飞驰而过的列车承载着哈萨克斯坦物流的希望。”曾在中国留学、时任中哈物流基地国际部经理别杰洛夫说，“‘一带一路’倡议非常有想象力！习主席就像一位高超的指挥家。”飞驰的列车也承载着印尼高铁建设技术员兰迪·拉姆达尼的希望。中国投资建设的雅万高铁不仅将为他的家乡带来巨变，也让他的生活有了新奔头。2年前，刚入职的拉姆达尼还是个生手，但经过中企“导师带徒”的传帮带，他很快成了独当一面的技术能人，不仅中文水平提高了，薪水也比刚入职时涨了不少。在印尼，全线参与雅万高铁建设的当地工人超过1万名，其中，像拉姆达尼这样由中企培养的本地技术工人近2000名。今年7月26日，印尼总统佐科访华。会谈中，习近平和佐科都提到，力争如期高质量建成雅万高铁。到那时，同样是乘坐火车，雅加达到万隆的时间将由3个多小时缩短至40分钟。佐科说，雅万高铁是印尼快速发展的象征，也将成为中印尼两国友谊的又一丰碑。丰碑何止一处。从亚欧大陆到非洲、美洲、大洋洲，以中哈连云港物流合作基地、雅万高铁等为代表的一大批“一带一路”建设项目，正连点成线、由线及面，持续释放吸引力和影响力。现在，拉姆达尼又多了一个愿望：“有机会一定要到向往已久的中国看一看。”文/平凡资料来源/人民日报、新华社等返回搜狐，查看更多责任编辑：